I'm only going to hit on a small number of posts here because Eswube and Colo have hit the high points.
Yes I mean HMS Habbakuk. I thought the reason why they stopped it was the UK doesn't have enough wood to waste of chip for the carrier.
Actually the problem with Habbakuk is that it keeps all of the expensive metal parts of a ship (engines & electronics), while adding more expensive parts like GIANT A/C units to keep the thing frozen. I'm going to quote a friend quoting me on another forum. We were talking about aircraft engines vs. aircraft as a measure of industrial production, but the point is still valid:
HMS Conqueror,
You ignore several things.
When comparing aircraft totals, it is vital to look at engine counts, not just at airframes. The US produced a minimum of 24,000 4-Engines bombers (B-17s, B-24s, and B-29s) in WW2. Japan produced less than 31,000 fighters. Other bomber types, and large numbers of smaller two engine bombers and fighters drive the point home even further...
For anyone who doesn't already know, which is probably like 95-98% of the forum...
This is because the engine is far and away the hardest part of the airplane to make on a World War Two aircraft. The engine is a one-ton jigsaw puzzle of precision-machined moving parts made of the most advanced alloys available. The rest of the plane is just sheet aluminum pressed and bent into the right shape to be vaguely aerodynamic.
I exaggerate, but not by much.
Yeah the H-class battleships were stupid much like the Montana class, Yamato class and Sovetsky Soyuz class.
H-45 was a joke that dates from the last two decades while the other three you list had their initial design work done prior to the point where the dominance of the aircraft carrier over the battleship was shown. In that context, the idea of a large, powerful battleship makes sense. That the first was never laid down, the second had both ships sunk, and that the third was scrapped doesn't change the fact that in 1940-1941, having these ships was a logical outcome of the existing strategic paradigm .
Plus nuclear power is far to costly and bring limited gains as the carrier still needs to be replenished. However the US at one point had many smaller none nuclear carriers but decided to go for huge nuclear carriers and I also think they did if for a reason. It is a question of which strategy is better I guess give you nations assets.
Nuclear power lets you run longer and faster than a conventional plant, and it also lets you use almost all of your liquid fuel storage space for aviation fuel, which improves operational tempo and time between replenishment. You still have to replenish other consumables, but you would anyway. This is also a reason why a lot of small carriers don't equal a large one - as well as the duplication of electronics (the smaller ones just don't have the capacity for stores, even proportional to their displacement, of a larger carrier).
Would EMALS in the future be able to speed up carrier take offs?
No, not without breaking the necks of the pilots. You can do this with steam cats also - it was one of the many problems that Charlie Big Nose (R91 Charles de Gaulle) had in her design stage.
Why 90 and not 120? It's just the efficient operating level they worked out (during quite a lot of, you know, actual experience during the latter stages of the Pacific War).
From what I have read, it doesn't matter if it's F-14s or F4U Corsairs... the numbers line up pretty much the same.
Yep, it's mostly because that's the most that a single small team can manage the operations of, combined with the landing rates noted before.