...ok....
Trunked funnel thing aside (and BTW aside from what TimothyC wrote it also helps keep your topweight and top-moment [i.e., center of gravity] down) and asbestos thing aside (and BTW it was still used as a fireproofing material in non-accessable places until actually very recently; the reason why people make a big stink about it is not for the people who live or board in buildings or ships but for the people eventually tasked with dismantling them + the overreacting "think of the children!" crowd - hell it was still used for some fireproof suits that you'd actually wear until recently because it was more practical to come up with clever ways to keep the asbestos sealed than it was to find a fireproof material better than asbestos) there's something that needs to be addressed with your whole big Earth thing, and it's aside from what TimothyC already said about that too:
Yes a heavily modified Earth where a year is ten times longer but if you met someone from this world you could not tell them apart from a normal human.
Also it has five times the surface area, coal, oil and gas will at modern usage levels will take a at least a 1000 years to even run low same for any other raw material.
I'm not going to go too far down the "appeal to authority" road except to say that I've had education and professional experience to tell you that, yes, I very much know what I'm talking about in this specific case. And I'm not talking about the mathematics that TimothyC covered, I'm talking about the so-called "worldbuilding" aspect and the specific means you've gone about it. Namely to ask:
Now if you were writing a full sci-fi novel...no, wait, even then, you can't just blow things up to whatever size you want without some justification. Well...you can,
but it'd be completely pointless.
So what purpose does a bigger Earth serve in your AU? To get more resources? That you can handwave with a lot less effort and headache? To make it...for lack of a better term, coolreative (portmanteau: cool/creative, like tacticool)? That's just kinda lazy.
When constructing an AU, if it serves no visible purpose, then it's a waste of time and effort to include it in there.
There's no reason why your AU can't take place in the modern world given whatever historical handwaving you want. And it's clear that you've spent most of your time hammering out the...coolreative...aspects and details without bothering to even put much consideration into what aspects and details you need to create a foundation before you can even flesh things out, let alone before you can settle on whatever seems cool.
I was planning on writing a basic guide to how make ships at least look fairly balanced and how to make aircraft at least be somewhat aerodynamically plausible...but for cripes sake it looks like I need to throw in a basic primer on creative writing onto that pile too, I guess.
(and like I said, I have the educational and professional background to know what I'm talking about + the resources of other members when I find myself outstripped in my own engineering knowledge so at least they won't be totally derp'd).