Even though I never posted about it (yet), I have a personal AU that I have been working on for some time. I decided to take the opportunity this challenge gave me to improve my skills at drawing jet aircrafts, which I did little so far. So I present you with Sweden’s most famous carrier fighter, the FFVS J 36 Näcken.
Background
In 1954, just as Saab’s new Draken fighter was taking off, the Royal Swedish Navy was starting to look for a modern interceptor to replace its navalized Lansens and protect the two new carriers they were planning to build. Early on in the process, Saab proposed the navy a heavily modified version of the J 35, but because of all the extra equipment required by a carrier-borne fighter, the adapted design lacked the key features of the original Draken. Just on paper, it was overweight and it lacked the Draken’s most attractive feature, namely its manoeuvrability.
Unsatisfied, the Swedish navy started looking for a foreign design. But before a choice could be made, FFVS approached the navy with an idea of its own, based around an abandoned design they had previously drafted for a light bomber. The firm had not built a homegrown design since its World War Two great success, the J 22. Instead, FFVS had survived thanks to maintenance contracts and the production of licensed aircrafts like the J 28 (de Havilland Vampire and Sea Vampire) and the T 20 (English Electric Canberra). Nevertheless, their proposition to the navy was deemed interesting and a prototype was ordered. The J 36 Nacken flew for the first time on 2 May 1957 and after a series a successful trials, was ordered into production. Because the new 33,000 tons carriers of the
Riksnyckeln-class were yet to be completed, the first deck landing trials took place aboard the 20,000 tons
Dristigheten and
Gotland until October 1958 when an aircraft was destroyed after a failed landing on
Gotland. The crew escaped unscathed, but the trials were suspended until March 1960 when HSwMS
Riksnyckeln was ready to receive the aircrafts. At this point, a full squadron of J 36-A was operational.
In 1961 the new B model was introduced, it featured new avionics and was the first variant of the J 36 to accommodate the AIM-9 Sidewinder, known in Swedish service as the Rb 24. With 228 units built, plus 22 conversions from the A model, the J 36-B would be the most-produced version of the Nacken. The aircraft was designed around a pair of Roll Royce Avon turbojet and featured a characteristic high swept-wing. It was manned by a crew of two: the pilot and the radar operator. The latter was in charge of the sophisticated weapon system designed in order to require minimal ground instruction when in flight. The armament consisted of two IR-guided Rb 24 mounted on pylons under the wings and of four SARH Rb 28 (AIM-4F Falcon) in the missiles bay under the fuselage that could also accommodate extra fuel inside of it. When loaded with four missiles, each falcon was mounted on top of each other, separated by a rotary door with two missiles inside and two out. In 1966, the more performant Rb 27 (AIM-26B) was introduced and was adapted to the Nacken.
Designed as an interceptor, and used as a fighter for most of its career, the J 36 would turn out to be a good multirole aircraft. Better in fact in this role than Saab's Draken. The Nacken was manoeuvrable enough, although of course not as much as the Draken, and was supersonic at sea level. At altitude, it could reach Mach 1.8. Swedish Nackens were never fitted with built-in guns but the export variant sold to the Ducth Navy had four ADEN cannons mounted in the missiles bay. Throughout the years, the Nacken acquired a reputation as a reliable and safe aircraft, and although it might not have been cutting-edge, everywhere it went, it always represented a valuable asset.
In the end, 495 Nackens were produced between 1957 and 1971. They served both the Royal Swedish Navy and Air Force (albeit in smaller numbers). J 36 were exported to the Netherlands in 1963 – who later sold 50 of their aircrafts to New Holland – and Spain in 1965. A number of captured former Dutch airframes were also used by the newly-formed Congolese Air Force in the late 1980s. In the Swedish navy, Nackens started to be replaced in the late 1970s and in 1984 the last operational unit was stood down.
General characteristics
Crew: 2
Lenght: 15.07 m (49 ft 6 in)
Wingspan: 8.37 m (27 ft 5 in)
Height: 4.13 m (13 ft 8 in)
Empty weight: 29,600 lb
Gross weight: 41,200 lb
Max Takeoff weight: 50,000 lb
Powerplant: two Svenska Flygmotor RM6C (license-build Rolls Royce Avon); 12,700 lbf dry – 17,600 lbf wet
Performance
Max speed: Mach 1.8 at 35,000 ft
Ferry range: 1,782 NM
Combat range: 594 NM
Ceiling: 60,000 ft
Rate of climb: 30,000 ft/min
Thrust-to-weight ratio: 0.85 at gross weight
Armament
Missiles: 2x Rb 24 and 4x Rb 27 AAM or 4x Rb 28
Bombs: up to 12,000 lb