Although i also think that your ships should be a bit bigger, maybe that's simply a question of personal taste.
What is surprising to me is how outdated they are
Some of those are on their way out and only retained for the war. I could not upgrade the sail/steam vessels to all steam because the hulls could not be altered for the fuel requirement.
The James (the oldest) is laid up in 1912, Lampasas, Lavaca, and Leon in 1913. Campeche II and Navidad should be out, but I didn't have replacements for them and didn't want to have a capability gap while expanding the Navy. And I maxed out the budget those years, too. The defense budget expenditure was 103% in 1911 and 116% in 1912. 1913 it was 91%.
The turrets are older because I didn't think I could make a credible jump from the single mounts in earlier ships to the Invincible's turrets without something in between to show progress. So yes, they look obsolete and likely are, but that was the compromise I decided on.
The ships are small and short; early ranges are based on sail/steam combinations and early all steam propulsion is enough to get out into the Caribbean Sea and back under steam power. Later ranges let me reach New York, Brazil, and the UK before I have to refuel.
Invincible is a nominal battlecruiser at best, only because of her 10" guns. Otherwise she is just a very heavy cruiser.
I don't have major adversaries in the Atlantic or Mediterranean until the 1930s, so there wasn't any rush to modernize. I don't have imperial territories to protect, only trade routes (mainly to Brazil, England, the US, and Germany).
We're behind and I know it, but I do have a method to my madness. Thanks very much for your questions. I hope I helped you understand what I'm doing and why.