Shipbucket

Awesome design....they would've been beautiful ships for sure!

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MS State Guard - 08 March 2014 - 28 January 2023

The Official IJN Ships & Planes List

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Invention of Magnetron
1921 The Swiss physicist Heinrich Greinacher tried to use a diode tube with a cylindrically symmetric arrangement of the anode in an axis-parallel magnetic field to measure the ratio of the electron charge to its mass. The practical attempt failed due to poor vacuum in the tube and consequently insufficient electron emission from the cathode. Greinacher supplied a basic mathematical description of the changes in the electron motion under the influence of the magnetic field.
1921 Albert W. Hull at General Electric Company used this experimental arrangement and investigated the motion of electrons under the influence of a homogeneous axial magnetic field. He noticed the possibility to control the electron current to the anode by variation of the magnetic field.
Hull wanted to develop for his company a magnetically controlled relay or amplifier in competition to the grid controlled triodes of Western Electric Co., but also noted the possibility of RF generation. He called his novel device “magnetron”.
1924 The magnetron for high frequency oscillations was independently investigated by Erich Habann in Jena (Germany) and Napsal August Zázek in Prague (Czechia). Habann correctly predicted the conditions required for the appearance of a negative resistance which would overcome the usual damping caused by the resonant circuit losses. In contrast to the Hull device, Habann employed a magnetic field which was constant in time like in today's magnetrons. Using his split-anode magnetron Habann was able to generate oscillations in the 100 MHz range. Zázek developed a magnetron with a solid cylindrical anode and generated frequencies up to 1 GHz.
1929 The breakthrough in generation of cm-waves by magnetrons came in 1929 when Kinjiro Okabe operated his slotted-anode magnetron (5.35 GHz) at Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan.
1935 Hans Erich Hollmann filed a patent on the multi-cavity magnetron in Germany on November 27, 1935.
The corresponding US Patent 2,123,728 was granted on July 12, 1938, well ahead of John Randall's and Henry Boot's work in February 1940.
1940 Nevertheless the multi-cavity magnetron built by the two engineers from the university in Birmingham, John Randall and Henry Boot was a milestone in the sub-marine war against Germany by mid-1940. They simple built a magnetron using more than the four cavities as shown in the figures of Hollmanns patent to increase the effectiveness of RF-generation. Britain had succeeded in improving on the prototype of a water-cooled multi-cavity magnetron (one with 8 concentric resonant cavities), producing a relatively small, light-weight transmitter which could generate RF pulses at 3 GHz, with an output power of 15 KW. The B–17 airplanes were fitted with this radar.
NB During the 30's Dr. Hollmann was not willing to give in to the rulers of Germany in order to become a professor at the University. Thus he founded his private "Laboratory for High-Frequency Techniques and Electromedicine". In the next few years he published more than 100 scientific papers. In close cooperation with his brother, Medical Doctor W. Hollmann, he developed new registration methods for electrocardiography. Among their developments were a threephase "Triograph" and an "Absolute-Cardiograph" eliminating the rotation of the bioelectric heart vector and thus displaying the magnitude of the bioelectric emf inside the heart. In the beginning, the work of the Hollmann brothers was looked upon with skepticism but now has been recognized and greatly acclaimed, especially in the USA.

Ersatz Lutzow (1919)


The battleship Zähringen started life under the "Ersatz Lutzow" name till launching in 1917 when it was christened Zähringen. This was Germanys answer to the British Hood. Where the Hood was built as a battlecruiser, the Zähringen was always under the fast-battleship designation. Both ships had 8x15" as the main armament, the Hood had 12" side armour the Zähringen 13", the Hood had been given 32 knots as the speed to achieve while the Zähringen was to make 28 knots (29 knots on trials). The Hood was never modernised, the Zähringen was modernised 1938-39. The two met in the Denmark Strait, the Hood lost.

Needing only to make 28 knots service speed meant the Zähringen would always be smaller than the Hood in overall size, being 770 feet long with a breadth of 108 feet. At 33,000 tons standard displacement it was 5,000 tons bigger than the Bayern class ships. That is what an extra six knots in speed cost.

The 1938 modernisation removed all of the casemate weapons and plated the hull in up to the main deck. The main deck was swept clear of superstructure, which was replaced with modern superstructure, fittings, deck armour, and dual purpose armaments. What emerged in early 1940 in time to take part in the Norwegian campaign was a near new battleship.

Hi Krakatoa

Really awesome ship. Name does not work however - Bavaria is the english version of the german Bayern, and Battlecruisers were generally given the names of significant people (i.e. Moltke, or indeed Lützow) rather than states / prussian provinces within the German Empire.

I would suggest Graf Roon perhaps (he was the prussian war minister at the time of German unification, and the contemporary of Moltke and Bismarck), or perhaps Tilly (a significant general of the 30-Years' War) if you would like something related to Bavaria?

Cheers,
Amartus

Thanks Graham, I really must pay more attention. Have changed everything over to Zähringen.

After Duke of Zähringen from German antiquity 1100-1200 AD.

Awesome vessel...that Atlantic bow is great!

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MS State Guard - 08 March 2014 - 28 January 2023

The Official IJN Ships & Planes List

#FJB

Heavy Cruiser Von Der Tann (CA-1936)

Text to come tomorrow.

Interesting design!

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MS State Guard - 08 March 2014 - 28 January 2023

The Official IJN Ships & Planes List

#FJB

The Moltke Class Heavy cruisers were the first German attempt at producing a full Treaty 10,000 ton cruiser. The design evolved with the introduction of the triple 8" turret and 5" DP twin turrets. As with Germanys other designs what was supposed to be 10,000 tons ended up being 12,500 tons standard displacement. Nothing like a 25% building error. The German designers found that with the mix of armament, armour and propulsion required for the ship 10k was nowhere near enough.

At 612 x 66 feet, the four ships (Moltke, Von Der Tann, Roon, Yorck) were well protected with a 120mm armoured belt, and 60mm of deck armour. The armament of 9x8", 12x5", 12x37mm and a handful of 20mm which grew in numbers at every refit. The twin 37mm eventually being removed and replaced by the ex-Dutch 40mm twins. Two aircraft and catapult, and 6x21" torpedo tubes rounded out a useful armament. The 90,000shp propulsion system gave a speed of 32 knots.

The Moltke Class is an interesting design.
It just feels a little small to me, the hull seems quite cramped with all those 5in DP turrets (assuming they have hoists) and the triple 8in. I feel the length/beam ratio is going to be rather fat with this design.
I may be wrong but it seems small if you compare this to something like the Counties or the US CAs with 9x8in.

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